3D printer , i.e. a rapid prototyping machine , which is based on a digital model file , the use of powdered metal or plastic materials may be bonded by way of the printed layer by layer technology to construct the object . In the past it often in the mold manufacturing , industrial design and other fields are used to manufacture the model is now being increasingly used for direct manufacturing of some products , which means the technology is popular.
Its principle is: the data and the raw materials into the 3D printer , the machine will follow the procedures of the product made out of the layers . Printed products, you can use immediately. Through 3D printer can also print out the food. It is also a big concern to eat cargo 3D printer future direction of development .
3D printing technology is not fresh , this idea originated in the late 19th century, the United States , and in the 1980s, to the development and promotion . Chinese school-enterprise alliance Things call it " the idea of the last century , the last century 's technology, this century marketplace ." Dimensional printing materials are usually printers using digital technology to achieve. This printer production and sales in the twenty- first century has been greatly increased , its price is declining .
Print using the printer as a letter : Tap on a computer screen "Print" button , a digital file will be transferred to an inkjet printer , it will spray a layer of ink onto the paper 's surface to form a two dimensional image . In 3D printing, software via computer-aided design technology (CAD) to complete a series of digital slices , and these slices of the information sent to the 3D printer, which will be a continuous thin level stacked until a solid object shape. 3D printers and traditional printer biggest difference is that it uses " ink" is real raw .
There are various forms thin stack . Some 3D printers use " inkjet " approach. For example, an Israeli named Objet 3D printer company will use the printer nozzle extremely thin coating of liquid plastic material in the mold tray , this coating is then placed under ultraviolet light for processing. After the mold is very small distance down the tray to the stack for the next level up . Another one is headquartered in Minneapolis company Stratasys using a technique called " Deposition molding" technology, the entire process is a melted plastic in the nozzle , and then through the way before depositing plastic fibers form a thin layer .
Some systems use the powder particles as the print media. The powder particles are sprayed in the mold of the tray form a thin powder layer , followed by ejection of the liquid binder is cured . It can also use a technique called " laser sintering " technology cast into a specified shape. Which is superimposed on the German EOS in its manufacturing process techniques used on the machine . The Swiss Arcam has is the use electron flow in a vacuum melting the powder particles. Those mentioned above is only part of the number of molding methods . When faced holes and containing such a complex cantilever structure , the medium has to be added to gel or other material to provide support or for the space occupied . This part of the powder can not be cast , and finally just rinse off with water or air flow supports can form pores. Can now be used to print various types of media , from a variety of plastic to metal, ceramic and rubber-like substances. Some printers can combine different media , so print out a hard object while the other end is soft . 3D printers work steps is this : first, through computer modeling software modeling , if you have a ready-made model can also be , for example, animal models , characters , or miniature buildings and so on. Then through the SD card or USB flash drive and copy it to a 3D printer, print settings , the printer can print them out , and its work breakdown structure diagram below. 3D printer works basically the same as traditional printers are controlled by components, mechanical components , the print head , supplies, and media such as architecture composed of print is the same principle . 3D printers are mainly on the computer before printing the design of a complete three-dimensional model , and then the printed output.
3D printing and laser molding technology, utilizes a hierarchical processing , overlay molding to complete the 3D solid printing. Each layer of the printing process is divided into two steps , the first in the area need to spray a layer of special molding glue , glue droplet itself is small , and difficult to spread. Then a uniform layer of powder spraying , rapidly solidified powder across the glue bond , and no glue areas remain loose state . Such a layer in a layer of glue powder alternately , the solid model will be the "Print" shape, as long as the printing is completed to remove loose powder to " dig out" model , while the remaining powder can also be recycled.
Three-dimensional design
3D printing design process is: first, through computer modeling software modeling , and then built a three-dimensional model of the "partition" into the drill cross-section , namely slices, layer by layer to guide the printer to print.
Collaboration between design software and the printer is a standard file format STL file format. An STL file using triangles to approximate the object's surface . The smaller triangles on the surface it generates higher the resolution . PLY is a 3D file generated by scanning the scanner , it generates VRML or WRL files are often used as the input file for full-color printing .
The printing process
Printer by reading the file information in cross-section with a liquid , powder or flake material will print out these sections layer by layer , and then the cross-sectional layers bonded together in various ways to create an entity . This technology is characterized in that it can create almost any shape article .
Printers played sectional thickness ( ie the Z- direction ) and the direction of the XY plane direction of the resolution is dpi ( pixels per inch ) or microns to be calculated. Generally has a thickness of 100 microns , or 0.1 mm, as well as some printers like Objet Connex series are three-dimensional Systems' ProJet series can print out the 16 micron thin layer . The direction of the plane with a laser printer can print out a similar resolution. Print out of the " ink droplet " in diameter is typically 50 to 100 microns. Using traditional methods to create a model usually takes a few hours to several days , depending on the model size and complexity of the case . The three-dimensional printing technology can shorten the time number hours , of course, the performance of the printer and by the size and complexity of the model dependent .
Traditional manufacturing techniques such as injection molding can be mass-produced at a low cost polymer product , and 3D printing can be faster, more flexible and more cost-effective way to produce a relatively small number of products. A three-dimensional printer desktop size to meet the designer manufacturing model or concept development team needs .
Produced
Three-dimensional printer resolution is sufficient for most applications ( on a curved surface may be rough, like the teeth on the same image ) , to obtain higher resolution items can through the following methods : first with the current three-dimensional printers played slightly larger objects , then slightly polished surface can be obtained through the smooth surface of the " high resolution " items.
Some technologies can use a variety of materials for printing. Some technologies will be used in the process of printing supports, for example some in the printed upside -shaped objects easy to remove the need to use some of the things (such as soluble thing ) as the support . |
